Hybrid solar eclipse of November 14, 2031
Friday, November 14, 2031
Along most of its path the Moon just covers the Sun, so the eclipse is total, for at most 1 min 8 s. Near both ends it falls a little short and leaves a thin ring of sunlight instead, which is why it is called a hybrid eclipse. The path is at most 38 km wide and lies over the open Pacific almost all the way. It starts at sunrise north of Wake Island, passes about 190 km south of Johnston Atoll and more than 1,000 km south of Hawaii, and crosses the equator twice. It ends at sunset over Panama, where the ring returns for a few seconds with the Sun 1 to 3° above the horizon. That band, some 12 to 18 km wide, crosses the south of Coiba Island, the Azuero Peninsula past Macaracas to the coast near Guararé, and San José Island in the Pearl Islands. Everywhere else in Panama the Sun sets nearly covered: in Panama City 96% of it at 5:48 PM. Hawaii sees a partial eclipse in the morning, 58% of the Sun covered in Honolulu.
- Greatest eclipse21:06 UTC (11:06 AM Hawaii time), over the Pacific just south of the equator, north of French Polynesia's Marquesas Islands, near 0.6° S, 137.6° W
- Longest totality1 min 8 s at sea, at 1.0° S, 136.5° W
- Partial eclipseThe central Pacific from the Marshall Islands and Kiribati to Hawaii and French Polynesia, Mexico and the southern United States, Central America, the western Caribbean and the north-west of South America
The eclipse from your place
Example: Panama City, the largest city near the end of the path. Choose your own place.
Partial in Panama City: 96% of the Sun covered
Greatest at 5:48 PM local time; it begins at 4:42 PM and ends at 6:46 PM. The Sun sets before it ends.
Panama City is outside the ring's path, so the Moon never sits wholly inside the Sun; eclipse glasses stay on throughout. The ring's path passes about 80 km to the south.
Your location stays in your browser; the times are worked out on this page.
The path across the Pacific
Swipe the map to follow the path east to Panama.
Panama, at sunset
Times in Panama and around the Pacific
Local clock times. Totality comes only at sea, between about 9:30 AM and 12:45 PM Hawaii time. The ring returns over Panama at 5:48 PM, minutes before sunset, so the places where it is seen need a clear, flat view low to the west-southwest, over the sea or open country.
| Place | The ring | How long | Sun height |
|---|---|---|---|
| San José IslandPearl Islands, Panama | 5:48 PM to 5:49 PM | about 10 s | 1° |
| MacaracasLos Santos, Panama, at the southern edge | A few seconds, if any: NASA puts the edge 2 km away | 2° | |
| GuararéLos Santos, Panama, at the southern edge | A few seconds, if any: NASA puts the edge 3 km away | 2° | |
A partial eclipse
| Place | Sun covered | Greatest at | Begins and ends |
|---|---|---|---|
| Las MinasHerrera, Panama · path a few km south | 99% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| Las TablasLos Santos, Panama · path a few km north | 99% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| La Villa de Los SantosPanama · path a few km south | 99% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| ChitréHerrera, Panama · path a few km south | 99% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| PedasíLos Santos, Panama · path about 40 km north | 98% | 5:49 PM | 4:43 PM to sunset |
| TonosíLos Santos, Panama · path about 40 km north | 98% | 5:49 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| SantiagoVeraguas, Panama · path about 40 km south | 98% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| AguadulceCoclé, Panama · path about 40 km south | 98% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| PenonoméCoclé, Panama · path about 60 km south | 97% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| San MiguelIsla del Rey, Panama · path a few km south | 99% | 5:48 PM | 4:43 PM to sunset |
| Contadora IslandPearl Islands, Panama · path about 30 km south | 98% | 5:48 PM | 4:43 PM to sunset |
| Panama CityPanama · path about 80 km south | 96% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| ColónPanama · path about 130 km south | 94% | 5:48 PM | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| DavidChiriquí, Panama · path about 130 km south | 95% | 5:48 PM | 4:40 PM to sunset |
| Cocos IslandCosta Rica · path a few km north | 99% | 4:47 PM | 3:36 PM to sunset |
| GolfitoCosta Rica · path about 180 km south | 93% | 4:48 PM | 3:39 PM to sunset |
| PuntarenasCosta Rica · path about 370 km south | 86% | 4:47 PM | 3:38 PM to sunset |
| San JoséCosta Rica · path about 340 km south | 87% | 4:47 PM | 3:38 PM to sunset |
| ManaguaNicaragua | 77% | 4:45 PM | 3:36 PM to sunset |
| TegucigalpaHonduras | 68% | 4:44 PM | 3:35 PM to sunset |
| San SalvadorEl Salvador | 68% | 4:43 PM | 3:33 PM to sunset |
| Guatemala CityGuatemala | 63% | 4:42 PM | 3:31 PM to sunset |
| Mexico CityMexico | 39% | 4:31 PM | 3:20 PM to 5:32 PM |
| TumacoColombia | 75% | 5:50 PM | 4:46 PM to sunset |
| BuenaventuraColombia | 80% | 5:50 PM | 4:46 PM to sunset |
| CaliColombia | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 4:47 PM to sunset |
| MedellínColombia | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 4:46 PM to sunset |
| BogotáColombia | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 4:48 PM to sunset |
| CartagenaColombia | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 4:45 PM to sunset |
| EsmeraldasEcuador | 73% | 5:50 PM | 4:46 PM to sunset |
| QuitoEcuador | 67% | 5:50 PM | 4:47 PM to sunset |
| GuayaquilEcuador | 61% | 5:50 PM | 4:47 PM to sunset |
| Puerto AyoraGalápagos Islands, Ecuador | 80% | 4:46 PM | 3:34 PM to 5:49 PM |
| LimaPeru | 25% | 5:48 PM | 4:59 PM to sunset |
| CaracasVenezuela | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 5:48 PM to sunset |
| KingstonJamaica | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 4:42 PM to sunset |
| HavanaCuba | 44% | 5:39 PM | 4:39 PM to sunset |
| MiamiFlorida, United States | The Sun sets during it | After sunset | 4:40 PM to sunset |
| HoustonTexas, United States | 16% | 4:24 PM | 3:31 PM to 5:12 PM |
| HiloHawaii, United States | 58% | 10:01 AM | 8:42 AM to 11:32 AM |
| Kailua-KonaHawaii, United States | 60% | 9:59 AM | 8:41 AM to 11:30 AM |
| HonoluluHawaii, United States | 58% | 9:55 AM | 8:39 AM to 11:23 AM |
| LihueHawaii, United States | 58% | 9:52 AM | 8:38 AM to 11:19 AM |
| KiritimatiKiribati | 78% | 10:08 AM | 8:45 AM to 11:46 AM |
| MajuroMarshall Islands | 42% | 7:27 AM | 6:32 AM to 8:28 AM |
| PapeeteTahiti, French Polynesia | 26% | 10:49 AM | 9:36 AM to 12:07 PM |
Watching it safely
- Look at the Sun only through eclipse glasses or a handheld solar viewer made to the ISO 12312-2 standard. Ordinary sunglasses, however dark, are not safe.
- Only during totality, which this time is seen only from ships on the Pacific, can the glasses come off. Over Panama the Moon never covers the whole Sun, so the glasses stay on the whole time, during the ring too, even with the Sun low.
- Never look through a camera, binoculars or a telescope without a solar filter fitted over the front, even while wearing eclipse glasses.
- Without glasses, watch it indirectly: a pinhole in a card, or the holes of a colander, projects the crescent onto the ground with the Sun behind you.
This follows NASA's eclipse safety guidance. In Panama the eclipse ends after sunset, so the Sun sets as a thin crescent: choose a spot with a clear view to the west-southwest, such as a beach facing the Gulf of Panama. In Hawaii it comes in the morning with the Sun well up in the south-east.
How these times are worked out
The path, its width and the greatest eclipse come from NASA's predictions by Fred Espenak (GSFC). The times for each place are computed with Astronomy Engine, which treats the Sun and Moon as smooth spheres. NASA notes that the Moon's mountains and valleys shift the edges of the path by 1 to 3 km and change the duration by 1 to 3 seconds. Over Panama the band is so narrow that most of it lies within a few kilometres of an edge, and a ring of a few seconds can come or not depending on those mountains; NASA usually posts predictions that include them 12 to 18 months before an eclipse, so check those before choosing a spot. In its last minutes the shadow crosses Panama faster than NASA's table, with a row every two minutes, can follow, so the map draws the path's edges there as straight lines; each place's own answer comes from Astronomy Engine.
The eclipses before this one have their own paths and times: the total solar eclipses of August 2, 2027 (southern Spain, North Africa and Egypt), July 22, 2028 (Australia and New Zealand) and November 25, 2030 (South Africa and Australia), and the annular eclipses of January 26, 2028 (the Amazon, Portugal and Spain), June 1, 2030 (Greece, Istanbul, Siberia and Hokkaido) and May 21, 2031 (Tanzania, southern India, Sri Lanka and Malaysia). The next total eclipse after this one, on March 30, 2033, crosses western and northern Alaska from Nome to Utqiagvik: its path and times. For every other eclipse, solar and lunar, see when the next eclipse is.